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1^st Part

The lawyer Paulo Santos Cruz became a polemic figure in the world of Fila Brasileiro. He marked a very important presence, as a breeder, stimulating the breeders and particularly showing, through his articles and papers, knoledges about Fila. With a large culture he, soon, understood that what it's valuable is what it's inside the dog ( genotipe ) and what it's outside ( phenotipe ) . He wrote in "A cor do Fila " ( Fila's Color ), published in "Nossos cães" year II no. 24, February, 1951 . He understood that Fila Brasileiro is a mixture of Mastiff, Bloodhound and the old Bulldog. In relation about the Fila's colors he observed: "if we admit this amalgam and knowing the different breeds which influenced the formation of these three breedes, we are obliged to admit that, with such rainbown in its ancestors, the Fila necessarily has specimens of the most varied colors". And ends: "what we need to look for is QUALITY. Who wants color must grow roses".

 

Dr. Paulo Santos Cruz's ideas are corrects: all the Moloser dogs may have variarions in color's. In "The Noble art of Venerie of Hunting",London 1576 it's quoted: "Of blacks hound anciently came from St. Hubert abbady in Ardene ... " "The St. Hubert Hound was a celebrated strain of Bloodhound type. Originally the St. Hubert was solid black ... " (photo 8 ) .

In heredity all a serie of informations explain to us the adaptation and the changes, genetic continuity and genetic modifications. Heredity is a conserver power; genes act as a model for the production of exacts copies of themself. Evolution is the antitheses of the constancy. Evolution couldn't occurs if heredity was always perfectly exact. Variation has two aspects, one static and other dynamic.

It's easy understand that the environment factors, contributes strongly upon evolution and man's hands make appear new breeds or extinguish. So with years going on the bloodhounds to this actual model, but once in a while, appears black specimens, mixed in the blood of the Molosers as the Fila. And we saw the solid black Filas, each dog is genetical perfect and, in the case, in small incident, at present around 4%.

Clarence C. Little in the book: "The inheritance of coat color in dogs", USA, 1984, explains: each dog individually makes its own coat color. Each one regulates the potenciality for the coat color it may transmit through their sexual cells to its progenie, under the action of at least ten different genes or pairs of genes. Dogs seem to have two great type of pigments in its hairs: one is yellow, the other is dark ( brown or black ) .

Following Marca Burns in her thesis - "The Genetic of the Dog" , Edinburgh, England, 1952: inside a breed the variation degree is limited, because, through the selection from a certain collection of such genes, they were gather together and although they are so numerous and variable, in such a way that two animals don't seem exactly, being of the same group, although variation is much less in a litter of mongrel dogs. It doesn't occur a simple dominant recessive correlation and the breedings methods must try to restrict the extention of the variation. "The pool of genes of a natural population is a genetic system adapted in the environments in which lives the population". ( Quoted, Dobzhansky , in "Genetic of the Evolutive Process" , USA, 1970 ) . In the same specie is possible to observe the changes in the coat color under influence environmental, nutrition, etc. The horse Andalusian, our horses "Mangalarga Marchador", can born black and, with the years, they become enterely white. Horses Lipizzaner ( Andalusian ) are showed at the Spanish Riding School of Vienna. Founded at the sixteen century by the Archduke Charles of Austria. All white horses are born blacks .

A splendid example in shown by Maxwell Riddle in "The Wild Dogs in Life and Legend" , as we may see in photo 9 : Artic Fox ( is true canid ), showing color, one in winter, white, and the other in the summer, black.

 
  Photo 9 - See text. 

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